Used For:

• HIV Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis (PrEP)

Contraindications:

• Allergy to Tenofovir or EmtricitabineSevere kidney disease (CrCl < 30 mL/min)Severe liver disease (use with caution)Known HIV-positive patients starting PrEP without proper testingConcomitant use with other tenofovir-containing medicinesUse carefully in:Osteoporosis or bone density problemsDehydrated patientsHepatitis B patients (withdrawal can flare HBV)

Side Effects:

• Common:HeadacheNausea, stomach discomfortDiarrheaFatigueDizzinessMild rashModerate:Kidney function changesDecreased bone mineral density (osteopenia/osteoporosis)Elevated liver enzymesSerious (rare):Lactic acidosisSevere kidney damage (Fanconi’s syndrome)Severe hepatitis flares upon stopping (esp. if Hepatitis B positive)

Precautions:

• Kidney function tests every 3–6 months.Liver function tests in patients with hepatitis B or C.Adequate hydration is important.Do not stop suddenly without doctor advice (risk of HBV reactivation).If used for PrEP → Always confirm HIV-negative before starting.Continue using condoms; PrEP is not 100% protective.

Dietary Restrictions:

• No strict food restrictions.Can be taken with or without food, but taking with food improves tolerance.Avoid alcohol → adds liver and kidney strain.Maintain good hydration (important for kidney protection).Maintain calcium + vitamin D rich diet to support bone health.