Used For:

• Treatment of HIV-1 infection in combination with other antiretroviral agents

Adult Dosage:

• Standard dose: 1 tablet once daily, orally, with or without food.Administer as part of a triple-drug regimen, usually combined with a third antiretroviral (e.g., dolutegravir, efavirenz).

Contraindications:

• Hypersensitivity to abacavir or lamivudineKnown HLA-B*5701 positive patients (risk of severe hypersensitivity to abacavir)Severe hepatic impairment (use with caution)Patients with lactic acidosis or severe hepatomegaly with steatosis

Side Effects:

• Common Side EffectsAbacavir-related:Hypersensitivity reaction (fever, rash, gastrointestinal symptoms, respiratory symptoms) — can be life-threateningLamivudine-related:Headache, nausea, fatigueMild gastrointestinal discomfort (diarrhea, abdominal pain)General: Sleep disturbances, dizziness, myalgia⚠️ Serious / Life-Threatening Side EffectsAbacavir hypersensitivity reaction — can be fatal if therapy continuedLactic acidosis / hepatic steatosis (rare but serious)Severe hepatotoxicityExacerbation of hepatitis B in co-infected patients if lamivudine is discontinued

Precautions:

• HLA-B*5701 screening before starting abacavir to prevent hypersensitivity reaction.Monitor liver function tests regularly.Do not restart abacavir after hypersensitivity reaction, even if symptoms improve.Caution in renal impairment (lamivudine is renally excreted) — dose adjustment may be required.Pregnancy: Can be used if benefits outweigh risks; monitor maternal and fetal health.Do not stop therapy abruptly — may cause viral rebound or resistance.Avoid over-the-counter medications without consultation — check for drug interactions.

Dietary Restrictions:

• Can be taken with or without food.No strict dietary restrictions, but maintain a healthy, balanced diet to support immune health.Avoid alcohol and recreational drugs that may strain the liver.Maintain adequate hydration.Avoid herbal supplements that interact with liver metabolism or antiretrovirals (e.g., St. John’s Wort).